编者按上海建领城达律师事务所主任周吉高律师接受国际知名法律评级机构The Legal 500的邀请，撰写建设工程国别指南（中国篇）。近日，The Legal 500已正式在其官网发布该指南。“建领城达”公众号将对该指南的全部内容进行分期推送，本文为第四期，以飨读者！

Other contract terms

其他合同条款

Q17：Do contracts commonly contain liquidated delay damages provisions and are these upheld by the courts?

通常合同中是否包含工期违约金条款？这些条款能否得到法院的支持？

A17:The setting of liquidated delay damages clauses is common for construction contracts in China. In principle, as long as the contract is valid, the court will support the claim for liquidated delay damages, but the court will also determine the specific amount of liquidated delay damages based on the actual performance of the contract, the degree of fault of the parties and other circumstances, and there may be discretionary adjustments.

工期违约金条款的设置对于我国建设工程施工合同较为常见。原则上只要合同有效，法院就会支持主张工期违约金的诉讼请求，但是法院也会根据合同的实际履行情况，各方当事人的过错程度等情况综合认定工期违约金的具体数额，可能会存在酌情调整的情况。

Q18:Are the parties able to exclude or limit liability?

当事人能否排除或限制责任？

A18:Yes, the parties can. Usually, judicial practice will usually uphold the validity of a clause as long as it is based on the true intention of the parties to the contract and there are no circumstances in which it is invalid under the law.

In addition, if one party takes advantage of its own advantage or the other party's lack of experience, resulting in a clear inequality of rights and obligations between the parties as set out in the contract, in which case the contract may be considered manifestly unfair, a party may seek to rescind the contract.

可以的。一般来说，只要是出于合同各方当事人的真实意思表示，并且不存在法律规定的无效的情形，司法实践中通常会支持该条款的有效性。

此外，如果一方当事人利用自己的优势或另一方当事人缺乏经验，导致合同中规定的双方当事人的权利和义务明显不对等，在这种情况下，合同可能被认为显失公平的，一方当事人可以要求撤销合同。

Q19:Are there any restrictions on termination? Can parties terminate for convenience? Force majeure?

终止合同是否有限制？当事人是否有任意解除权？能否因不可抗力终止合同？

A19:Chinese law does not give the parties to a construction contract the right to terminate it at will, but the parties may stipulate terms in the contract which are contractual.Under our law, the parties are entitled to terminate the contract if the purpose of the contract cannot be achieved due to a force majeure event.

我国法律并未赋予建设工程施工合同各方当事人任意解除权，但当事人可以在合同中规定为合同的条款。

根据我国法律，如果由于不可抗力事件导致合同目的无法实现，当事人有权终止合同。

A20:What rights are commonly granted to third parties (e.g. funders, purchasers, renters) and, if so, how is this achieved?

第三方（如出资人、购买人、承租人）通常被授予的权利有哪些？这些权利如何实现？

Q20:In order to protect the rights and interests of third parties, especially many investors, it is often stipulated in the contract that the third party has the right to review the payment schedule and supporting documents, review or approve drawings or specifications, and the right to set up a fund co-management account with the third party.

为了保障第三方尤其多件与投资人的权益，往往会在合同中约定第三方有权审查付款时间表和证明文件、审查或批准图纸或规格；和第三方设立资金共管账户等权利。

Q21:Do contracts typically contain strict provisions governing notification of claims for additional time and money which act as conditions precedent to bringing claims? Does your jurisdiction recognise such notices as conditions precedent?

通常情况下，合同中是否包含关于发出时间和费用索赔通知的严格规定，以作为索赔的先决条件？你所在的司法管辖区是否认可此类通知是索赔的先决条件？

A21：Typically, the contract will stipulate that a notice of intent to claim and a claim report will be submitted in accordance with a specific procedure and at a specified time, otherwise there may be a risk of loss of rights. The Model Text of Construction Contracts for Construction Projects issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce has designed special clauses.

通常情况下，合同会约定根据特定的程序并在规定的时间内容提交索赔意向通知和索赔报告，否则可能面临失权的风险。住建部和工商总局发布的《建设工程施工合同示范文本》设计了专门条款。

Q22：What insurances are the parties required to hold? And how long for?

合同各方需要购买哪些保险？保险期限是多长？

A22：

(1) All risks of construction works and all risks of installation works shall be insured by the contractor according to law.

（1） 建筑工程一切险和安装工程一切险，法律规定由发包人投保。

(2) Construction of accident insurance, generally insured by the contractor.

（2） 建设意外伤害保险，一般由承包人投保。

The insurance period of the above two types of insurance is as follows. The insurance period is from the date of commencement of the construction project to the date of completion and acceptance.

上述两类保险的保险期限为。保险期限自建设工程开工之日起至竣工验收之日止。

(3) Accidental death insurance benefits are generally insured by the contractor

（3）意外身故保险金，一般由承包人投保

(4) Accidental disability insurance benefits are generally insured by the contractor

（4）意外残疾保险金，一般由承包人投保

The insurance period of the above two types of insurance is a certain period of time (generally 180 days) from the date of occurrence of accidental injury of the insured.

上述两类保险的保险期限为自被保险人意外伤害发生之日起的一定时间内（一般是180天）。

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